FCC 113 (Week 9)

Internet

     We always use the Internet, but we have never known the exactly meaning of it. In this week lesson, I would like to share a little bit about Internet and the uses of it in our daily life.

 Internet is the largest network in the world that connects hundreds of thousands of individual networks all over the world. It also connect two or more computers, when two computers are connected over the Internet, they can send and receive all kinds of information  such as text, graphics, voices, videos, and computer programs.

The popular term of internet is Information Highway. It is the global information and communications network that includes the Internet and other networks and switching systems such as telephone networks, cable television networks, and satellite communication networks.
          No one owns Internet, although several organizations in the world over collaborate in its functioning and development. The high-speed, fiber-optic cables (called backbones) through which the bulk of the Internet data travels are owned by telephone companies in their respective countries. The Internet grew out of the Advanced Research Projects Agency's Wide Area Network, called ARPANET, established by the US Department Of Defense in 1960s for collaboration in military research among business and government laboratories. 

         How do people use the internet in their daily life? Well, it is a place where you can gain your knowledge about the uses of internet and its applications. The uses of internet is very simple, we can send e-mail messages, send (upload) or receive (download) files between computers, participate in discussion groups, such as mailing lists and newsgroups, or surfing the web and so on. In today modernize, the most interesting webpage that all people use is social networking such as Facebook, Twitter, Skype, Myspace, FriendFinder, and many others.

Furthermore, the applications of internet has divided into three categories.

1.     Traditional Core Applications

v Email

v News

v Remote Login

v File Transfer

2.     The Killer Application

v World Wide Web (WWW)

3.     New Applications

v Videoconferencing

v Telephony

v P2P applications

v Internet Broadcast

In the internet, we should know about the illustration of it.

  Then we should memorize the underlying technologies; the 7 layers of OSI (Open System Interconnection) model which are:

•      Layer 1 (Physical)

•      Layer 2 (Data Link)

•      Layer 3 (Network)

•      Layer 4 (Transport)

•      Layer 5 (Session)

•      Layer 6 (Presentation)

•      Layer 7 (Application)

World Wide Web (WWW) was created by Tim Berners Lee, a researcher for CERN, in 1989. So, what is the exactly meaning of Web?

The Web (World Wide Web) is consists of information organized into Web pages containing text and graphic images. It contains hypertext links, or highlighted keywords and images that lead to related information and a collection of linked Web pages that has a common theme or focus is called a Web site. As we know, to open web site is very simple, we just open the Google Chrome, Mozilla Firefox, Internet Explorer or other browsers. Web browsers are used to connect you to remote computers, open and transfer files, display text and images.

How does internet work? I have already explained what internet is, so now I would like to explain about how the internet works:

1.      Transport control protocol (TCP)

•      A protocol that operates at the transport layer and is used in combination with IP by most Internet applications

2.      Backbone

•      An Internet high-speed, long distance communications links (like a bus; wire that connects nodes)

3.     Uniform resource locator (URL)

•      An assigned address on the Internet for each computer

E.g., http://www.aiu.edu.my